一：配置文件包含关系

1.创建对应的实体类

public class Student {   //学生实体类    private  String   name;  //姓名    private  Integer  age;  //年龄    private  Grade   grade;  //年级    @Override    public String toString() {        return "Student [name=" + name + ", age=" + age + ", grade=" + grade                + "]";    }        public Student() {        super();    }    public Student(String name, Integer age, Grade grade) {        super();        this.name = name;        this.age = age;        this.grade = grade;    }    public String getName() {        return name;    }    public void setName(String name) {        this.name = name;    }    public Integer getAge() {        return age;    }    public void setAge(Integer age) {        this.age = age;    }    public Grade getGrade() {        return grade;    }    public void setGrade(Grade grade) {        this.grade = grade;    }}

public class Grade {   //年级实体类    private String  name;  //年级名称    @Override    public String toString() {        return "Grade [name=" + name + "]";    }    public Grade() {        super();    }    public Grade(String name) {        super();        this.name = name;    }    public String getName() {        return name;    }    public void setName(String name) {        this.name = name;    }}

2.创建配置文件

3.创建对应的测试类

public class StudentTest {            //配置文件的包含关系    @Test    public  void  test01(){        ApplicationContext context=                new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");        Student student=(Student) context.getBean("student");        System.out.println("student信息："+student);    }    }

效果图如下

二：配置文件平级关系

1.删除上面练习中的总配置文件，只剩下两个平级的xml文件

2.书写测试类

public class StudentTest {            //01.配置文件的平级关系    @Test    public  void  test01(){    //推荐使用  保证配置文件名称格式统一        ApplicationContext context=                new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring-*.xml");        Student student=(Student) context.getBean("student");        System.out.println("student信息："+student);    }    //02.配置文件的平级关系    @Test    public  void  test02(){            ApplicationContext context=                new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring-student.xml","spring-grade.xml");        Student student=(Student) context.getBean("student");        System.out.println("student信息："+student);    }    //03.配置文件的平级关系    @Test    public  void  test03(){         String resource1="spring-student.xml";        String resource2="spring-grade.xml";        String [] resources={resource1,resource2};        ApplicationContext context=                new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(resources);        Student student=(Student) context.getBean("student");        System.out.println("student信息："+student);    }    }

注解配置！引入需要的aop.jar

/** * 学生类 */@Component("student")public class Student {    @Value("999")    private Integer  age;    @Value("小黑")    private String  name;    /**     * 01.     * @Autowired:     * 默认是按照byType 类型匹配     * @Autowired       @Qualifier("grades")  按照byName进行匹配              02.       @Resource           默认是按照byType 类型匹配       @Resource(name="grades")     */    private  Grade grade;        public Student(Integer ages, String names, Grade grades) {        this.age = ages;        this.name = names;        this.grade = grades;    }        public Student(Integer age, String name) {        this.age = age;        this.name = name;    }        public Student() {            }        @Override    public String toString() {        return "Student [age=" + age + ", name=" + name + ", grade=" + grade                + "]";    }    public Integer getAge() {        return age;    }    public void setAge(Integer age) {        this.age = age;    }    public String getName() {        return name;    }    public void setName(String name) {        this.name = name;    }    public Grade getGrade() {        return grade;    }    public void setGrade(Grade grade) {        this.grade = grade;    }            }

/** * 年级类 */@Component("grades")public class Grade {    @Value("9年级")    private  String  name;  //年级名称    public String getName() {        return name;    }    //DI  依赖注入     public void setName(String name) {        this.name = name;    }    public Grade(String name) {        super();        this.name = name;    }    public Grade() {        super();    }    @Override    public String toString() {        return "Grade [name=" + name + "]";    }                }

测试类

public class StudentTest {        ApplicationContext context=null;    @Before    public  void before(){        context=new  ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");    }                @Test    public  void  test01(){        Student student=(Student) context.getBean("student");        System.out.println(student);    }}